References
[1] Ibrahim, A.E., “Nonlinear Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Plates and Shells Using Assumed Strain Elements” ,M.Sc. Thesis, Tikrit University, 2006.
[2] Hand, F.R., Pecknold, D.V. and Schnobrich, W.C., “Nonlinear Layered Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Plates and Shells”, Journal of the Structural Division, ASCE, Vol. 99, No. ST7, July 1973, pp. 1491-1505.
[3] Figueiras, J.A., “Practical Approach for Modeling the Nonlinear Response of Reinforced Concrete Shells”, in Computational Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Structures, edited by E. Hinton and R. Owen, Pineridge Press, Swansea, 1986.
[4]Hinton, E. and Owen, D.R.J., “Finite Element Software for Plates and Shells” Pineridge Press, Swansea, 1984.
[5] Bathe, K.J. and Bolourchi, S., “A Geometrical and Material Nonlinear Plate and Shell Elements”, Journal of Computers and Structures Vol.1l, 1980, pp. 23-48 .
Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences (2009) 16(3) 1- 18
Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Shells
Mustafa K. Kasim | Ala’a T. Ahmed |
Abdul-Rahman E. Ibrahim |
|
Civil Eng. Dept.- University of Tikrit, Iraq |
Abstract
This investigation is to develop a numerical model suitable for nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete shells. A nine-node Lagrangian element Figure (1) with enhanced shear interpolation will be used in this study. Table (1) describes shape functions and their derivatives of this element. An assumed transverse shear strain is used in the formulation of this element to overcome shear locking. Degenerated quadratic thick plate elements employing a layered discrelization through the thickness will be adopted. Different numbers of layers for different thickness can be used per element. A number of layers between (6 and 10) have proved to be appropriate to represent the nonlinear material behavior in structures. In this research 8 layers will be adequate. Material nonlinearities due to cracking of concrete, plastic flow or crushing of concrete in compression and yield condition of reinforcing steel are considered. The maximum tensile strength is used as a criterion for crack initiation. Attention is given to the tension stiffening phenomenon and the degrading effect of cracking on the compressive and shear strength of concrete. Perfect bond between concrete and steel is assumed. Attention is given also to geometric nonlinearities. An example have been chosen in order to demonstrate the suitability of the models by comparing the predicted behaviour with the experimental results for shell exhibiting various modes of failure.
Download Full-Text PDF
Keywords: Finite elements, Nonlinear analysis, Assumed strain, Reinforced concrete shells.